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Monday, 25 May 2015

VOCAB 4


1.       Palpable, palpability, palpably
- obvious and noticeable
- easily noticeable

Examples :
~ the tension in the negotiating room was palpable
~ a small but palpable lump in my neck
~ a  palpable case of lying under oath

2.       Tremendous, tremendously, tremendousness
- very large or great
- very good or excellent

Examples :
~ tremendous problems
~ had a tremendous time
~ a writer of tremendous talent
~ a tremendous number of people
~ that’s a tremendous amount of work for one person

3.       Horrendous
- very bad or unpleasant
- horrible, dreadful

Examples:
~ the tax rate was horrendous
~ horrendous crimes
~ a horrendous explosion shook the building
~ a horrendous breach of good manners that should not escape censure
~ emergency room personnel must not flinch even from the most horrendous injuries

4.       Breach (n)
- a failure to do what is required by a law an agreement or a duty; failure to act in a required or promised way
- a break in friendly relations between people or groups
- a hole or opening in something (such as wall) made by breaking through it

Examples :
~ This is clearly a breach of the treaty
~ He was fined for committing a breach of the peace
~ Many people consider her decision to be a breach of trust/confidence

5.       Flinch (v/n) , flincher
- to move suddenly because you are afraid of being hit or hurt
- to show fear : to hesitate from doing something unpleasant or dangerous

Examples :
~ He flinched when I tapped him on the shoulder
~ She met danger without flinching
~ The bill was much higher than expected, but he paid it without flinching

6.       Bulky , bulkier, bulkiest, bulkily, bulkiness
- large and difficult to carry or store
- of a person : large and fat or muscular

Examples :
~ a bulky wool sweater
~ a big, bulky package
~ a big, bulky football player

7.       Exude, exuded, exuding
- to produce a liquid or smell that flows out slowly
- to flow out slowly
- to show ( a quality, emotion, etc) very clearly or strongly

Example :
~ a sticky resin exudes from the bark of the tree

8.       Scathe (n/v)
- harm, injury

Example :
~ All the stuff survived the whole night unscathed and didn’t even make the slightest move from their original positions.

9.       Sluggish (adj) , sluggishly, sluggishness
- moving slowly or lazily

Examples :
~ the sluggish pace of the project is worrisome
~ reptiles are naturally sluggish at low temperatures

10.   Exaggerate
- to think or describe something as larger or greater  than it really is
- to make (something) larger or greater than normal
- to make an overstatement

Examples :
~ the American colonist John Smith is believed by many historians to have exaggerated his adventures
~ it would be impossible to exaggerate the importance of this entrance exam

11.   Authentic, authentically, authenticity
- real or genuine; not copied or false
- true and accurate
- made to be or look just like an original

Examples :
~ found an authentic Native American arrowhead
~ an authentic reconstruction of the Parthenon as it believed to have looked when first built

12.   Cupola (n) , cupolaed (adj)
- a rounded roof or part of a roof
- a small structure that is built on top of a roof

Example :
~ The house is decorated with cupolas and spires and scrolled balconies in the heavily lightsome style of the seventies.

13.   Encroach , encroacher, encroachment
- to gradually move into an area that is beyond the usual or desired limits
- to gradually take or begin to use or affect something that belongs to someone else or that someone else is using.

Example :
~ each year the sea continues to encroach upon the island’s beaches

14.   Obliterate , obliterated, obliterating, obliteration, obliterator
-
to destroy (something) completely so that nothing is left

Example :
~ In a stroke, the March snowstorm obliterated our hopes for an early spring

15.   Coquette (n) , coquettish , coquettishly, coquettishness
-
a woman who likes to win the attention or admiration of men but does not have serious feelings for them

Example :
~ Only Miss Emily’s house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps-an eyesore among eyesores

16.   Bemuse(v); bemusedly, bemusement
-
to cause (someone) to be confused and often also somewhat amused

Examples :
~ Seems truly bemused that people beyond his circle in Seattle would be interested in his ruminations – Ruth B. Smith
~ a public that seemed more bemused by the shenanigans of celebrities than by a war being waged half a world away
~ the stage mishap momentarily bemused the actress

17.   Amuse(v); amused, amusing, amusedly, amuser
-
to make someone laugh or smile : to entertain (someone) in a light and pleasant way
- to get the attention of (someone) in a pleasant way as time passes

Examples:
~ amuse the child with a story
~ the joke doesn’t amuse me
~ His silly jokes amused the audience
~ It amuses me to think of how he looked when I last saw him

18.   Devious (adj) , deviously, deviousness
-
willing to lie and trick people in order to get what is wanted
- not  straight or direct ; having many twists and turns

Examples :
~ a devious path
~ devious breezes
~ devious conduct
~ a devious politician
~ we always left it to our most devious friends to find out the latest information
~ a devious trail through the swampland
~ her behavior is devious because of a developmental disorder

19.   Shenanigan(n)
-
a devious trick used especially for an underhand purpose
- tricky or questionable practices or conduct – usually used in plural
- high-spirited or mischievous activity – usually used in plural

Examples :
~ students engaging in youthful shenanigans on the last day of school
~ an act of vandalism that went way beyond the usual shenanigans at the summer camp
~ the street-corner huckster of pirated DVDs had all sorts of shenanigans to keep the cops off of his tail

20.   Huckster(n) , hucksterism ;; (intrans/trans v) huckstered, huckstering
-
someone who sells or advertises something in an aggressive, dishonest, or annoying way

21.   Medieval (adj) , medievally
-
of or relating to the Middle Ages (A.D. 500- 1500)
- very old ; too old to be useful or acceptable

22.   Conspicuous (adj) , conspicuously
-
very easy to notice or see
- attracting attention by being great or impressive

Examples :
~ conspicuous changes
~ a conspicuous success
~ the seven-foot-tall basketball player is conspicuous in any crowd
~ conspicuous bureaucratic waste that drives taxpayers crazy

23.   Sanction (n/trans v) , sanctioned, sanctioning, sanctionable (adj)
-
an action that is taken or an order that is given to force a country to obey international laws by limiting or stopping trade with that country, by not allowing economic aid for that country, etc.
- official permission or approval
- trans. V : to officially accept or allow (something)

Examples :
~ The government has sanctioned the use of force
~ His actions were not sanctioned by his superiors

24.   Aptitude (n) , aptitudinal (adj)
-
a natural ability to do something or to learn something
- inclination, tendency

Examples :
~ an aptitude for hard work
~ an aptitude for languages
~ bored teenagers with an aptitude for getting into trouble
~ has an aptitude for math

25.   Relish (n/trans v)
-
enjoyment of or delight in something
- a feeling of liking something
- trans v : to enjoy or take pleasure in (something)

Examples :
~ eat with great relish
~ I relish travelling to new places
~ I don’t relish the idea/prospect/though of working late tonight
~ He relishes the chance/opportunity to compete again

26.   Audacity
-
a confident and daring quality that is often seen as shocking or rude ; audacious quality

Example:
~ had the audacity to defy his boss
~ her worst audacities did not seem to surprise him
~ I can’t believe she had the audacity to tell me to shut up !

27.   Zealous (adj)
-
feeling or showing strong and energetic support  for a person, cause etc

Examples :
~ zealous missionaries
~ zealous enemies

28.   Ruth (n) , ruthful, ruthless
-
compassion for the misery of another
- sorrow for one’s own faults

Example :
~ listening to your flippant comments about the  homeless, I wonder if you have any ruth

29.   Reconcile
-
to find a way of making (two diff ideas, facts, etc) exist or be true at the same time
- to cause people or groups to become friendly again after an argument or disagreement

Example :
~ historians have never been able to reconcile the two eyewitness accounts of the battle

30.   Permeate
-
to pass or spread through (something)

Examples:
~ a room permeated with tobacco smoke
~ the smell of freshly baked bread permeated the house

31.   Incursion(n)
-
a sudden invasion or attack
- an act of entering a place or area that is controlled by an enemy

Example :
~ there were incursions from the border every summer

32.   Denigrate
-
to say very critical and often unfair things about (someone)
- to make (something) seem less important or valuable
- belittle

Examples:
~ denigrate one’s opponents
~ denigrate their achievements
~ theater critics have been denigrating her acting ability for years

33.   Kiss off (trans v)
-
to dismiss usually lightly

Examples :
~ kiss other performers off as mere amateurs
~ kisses off every girlfriend with the line, “It’s not you…it’s me”
~ a chef who airily kisses off the cuisine of his rivals as homey comfort food

34.   Garnish
- (trans v) to put something on (food) as a decoration
- something  that is put on food as decoration


35.   Relinquish (trans v) , relinquishment
- to give up (something)
- to give something(eg. Power, control or possession) to another person or group

Examples :
- relinquish a title
- slowly relinquished his grip on the bar
- few leaders willingly relinquish power
- the boy reluctantly relinquished the illegal fireworks to the police officer
- the retiring CEO relinquished his position to the company’s vice president with very mixed feelings

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